CONDITIONAL STATEMENT ARE USED IN PROGRAMMING TO MAKE DECISIONS BASED ON SPECIFIC CONDITION . THEY ALLOW A PROGRAM TO EXECUTE DIFFERENT BLOCKS OF CODE DEPENDING ON WHETHER A CONDITION EVALUATES AS TRUE OR FALSE .
TYPES OF CONDITIONAL STATEMENT :
1)IF STATEMENT :EXECUTES A BLOCK OF CODE IF THE CONDITION IS TRUE .
SYNTAX :
IF(CONDITION ){
//CODE TO EXECUTE IF CONDITION IS TRUE }
EXAMPLE:
#include<stdio.h> // header
file
int main () {//main fun.
int age ;
printf("ENTER AGE =");
scanf("%d",&age);
if(age>=18){//if statement
+ in condition we are
using conditional operator
printf("HE OR SHE CAN
VOTE");
}
return 0;//return int value.
}
2)IF-ELSE STATEMENT :EXECUTE ONE BLOCK OF IF CONDITION IS TRUE AND IF IF STATEMENT IS NOT TRUE ELSE BLOCK EXECUTE.
SYNTAX:
IF(CONDITION ){
//CODE IF CONDITION IS TRUE}
ELSE {
//CODE IF CONDITION IS FALSE}
EXAMPLE:
#include<stdio.h> // header
file
int main () {//main fun.
int age ;
printf("ENTER AGE =");
scanf("%d",&age);
if(age>=18){//if statement
+ in condition we are
using conditional operator
printf("HE OR SHE CAN
VOTE");
}
else {
printf("HE OR SHE CANNOT
VOTE BECAUSE THEIR AGE
IS LESS THAN 18");
}
return 0;//return int value.
}
3)NESTED IF STATEMENT :AN IF STATEMENT INSIDE ANOTHER IF STATEMENT .
SYNTAX:
IF(CONDITION1){
IF(CONDITION2){
//CODE IF BOTH CONDITION ARE TRUE}}
EXAMPLE:
#include<stdio.h> // header
file
int main () {//main fun.
int num;
printf("ENTER NO.=");
scanf("%d",&num);
if(num>0)//if statement
+in condition relational
op. is use
{printf("THE NUM IS POSIIVE \n");
//NESTED IF STATEMENT
if (num %2==0)//in condn
istly we use arithmetic op.
than relational (equalty)op.
{
printf("THE NO. IS
EVEN \n");
}
return 0;//return int value.
}
4)NESTED IF ELSE STATEMENT :AN IF-ELSE STATEMENT INSIDE ANOTHER.
SYNTAX:
IF (CONDITION ){
// PRINTF STATEMENT .
IF(CONDITION 2){
//PRINTF STATEMENT .}
ELSE {
//ELSE STATEMENT OF CONDITION 2}
}//IST IF CLOSE.
ELSE{
//ELSE OF CONDITION 1}.
//ELSE OF CONDITION 1}.
EXAMPLE:
#include<stdio.h> // header
file
int main () {//main fun.
int num;
printf("ENTER NO.=");
scanf("%d",&num);
if(num>0)//if statement
+in condition relational
op. is use
{printf("THE NUM IS
POSIIVE \n");
//NESTED IF STATEMENT
if (num %2==0)//in condn
istly we use arithmetic op.
than relational (equalty)op.
{
printf("THE NO. IS
EVEN \n");
}
else{
printf("THE NO. IS ODD");
}
}
else{
printf("THE NO. IS
NEGATIVE");
}
return 0;//return int value.
}
5)SWITCH STATEMENT :USED WHEN MULTIPLE CONDITIONS DEPEND ON A SINGLE VARIABLE.
SYNTAX:
SWITCH (VARIABLE){
CASE VALUE1:
//CODE FOR VALUE1
BREAK;
CASE VALUE2:
//CODE FOR VALUE2
BREAK;
DEFAULT:
//CODE IF NONE OF THE CASE MATCHES.
EXAMPLE:
#include<stdio.h> // header
file
int main () {//main fun.
char signal;
printf("ENTER TRAFFIC
LIGHT COLOR (R/Y/G)");
scanf("%c",&signal);
switch (signal)
{
case 'R':
case 'r':
printf("STOP ! THE LIGHT
IS RED\n");
break;
case 'Y':
case 'y':
printf("SLOW DOWN ! THE
LIGHT IS YELLOW\n");
break;
case 'G':
case 'g':
printf("GO ! THE LIGHT IS
GREEN \n");
break;
default:
printf("INVALID INPUT !
ENTER R ,Y,G\n");
break;
}
return 0;//return int value.
}
